Времена

Past Perfect Tense - правила

Past Perfect Tense

Изучаем совершённое прошедшее время английского языка. Когда использовать Past Perfect Tense и как его образовать в речи.

Употребление Past Perfect

? Когда говорим о действии, которое произошло до определённого действия в прошлом.
Для описания самого раннего действия используется Past Perfect, для всех последующих – Past Simple.

Пример

I had come home (Past Perfect) when the snow started (Past Simple). – Я пришёл домой до того, как начался дождь.
Had you drunk a cup of tea before you went to sleep? – Ты выпила чашку чая перед тем как ложиться спать?

Past Perfect не используется для обозначения последовательности действий. Для этого используется Past Simple:

She got up, went to the bathroom, had breakfast, made make-up.

? Когда говорим о действии, которое произошло до определённого времени в прошлом.

Пример

By 1992 she had become a popular singer. – К 1992 году она стала известной певицей.
I had finished my work by 6 o'clock yesterday. – Я закончила свою работу вчера к 6 часам вечера.

Past Perfect может использоваться с союзами

Hardly + Past Perfect ... when + Past Simple
Scarcely
Barely
Nearly

Пример

Hardly had she done it when I arrived. – Едва она это сделала, как я приехал.

  • No sooner + Past Perfect... than + Past Simple

Пример

No sooner she had came home than it started a downpour. – Как только она вернулась домой, начался ливень.

Образование Past Perfect

Поясняющая таблица к Past Perfect Tense
PositiveNegativeQuestions
I had finished/done had finished/done Had I finished/done?
He
She
It
had finished/done He
She
It
had finished/done Had He
She
It
finished/done?
You
We
They
had finished/done You
We
They
had finished/done Had You
We
They
finished/done?

Времена Past Perfect и Present Perfect очень похожи на по значению, но разница есть:

Present PerfectPast Perfect
She's not at school. She have gone to home. She wasn't at school. She had gone to home.
Её нет в школе. Она ушла домой. Её не было в школе. Она ушла домой.

Выполните практические упражнения

Put the verb into the correct form use the Past Perfect or the Past Simple.

Пример

Was Anna at home when I phoned? – No she had already gone.
Was Anna at home when I phoned? – Yes, but she went soon afterwards.

  1. An apartment was empty when she came. Everybody ________________ (go) to the work.
  2. There were voices heard from the my bedroom, so I _______________ (go) straight there.
  3. She can’t go to training. She _____________ (break) her arm yesterday.

Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect.

Пример

When she (return) at ten o’clock I (arrive) – When she returned at ten o’clock I had arrived.

  1. After breakfast Alan proposed a game of chess. He (not/play) chess since his illness.
  2. She realized that she was going to weak more and more. She (eat) nothing since the morning.
  3. Hardly (be) there five minutes when Molly (come) in with the restaurant.
  4. Her husband (not/be) in. He (go) out a quarter of an hour before.
  5. The evening (go) off easier than I (believe).
  6. My friend (be) Pole, though he (live) in Croatia for forty years.
  7. Scarcely they (arrive) into the new flat when their neighbors (come).
  8. Her sight of the eyes (be) something he never (see) before.
  9. Father (come) into the kitchen a moment after I (get) there.
  10. She (promise) to ring me up when she (go) to home.

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