Past Perfect Tense
Изучаем совершённое прошедшее время английского языка. Когда использовать Past Perfect Tense и как его образовать в речи.
Употребление Past Perfect
? Когда говорим о действии, которое произошло до определённого действия в прошлом.
Для описания самого раннего действия используется Past Perfect, для всех последующих – Past Simple.
Пример
I had come home (Past Perfect) when the snow started (Past Simple). – Я пришёл домой до того, как начался дождь.
Had you drunk a cup of tea before you went to sleep? – Ты выпила чашку чая перед тем как ложиться спать?
Past Perfect не используется для обозначения последовательности действий. Для этого используется Past Simple:
She got up, went to the bathroom, had breakfast, made make-up.
? Когда говорим о действии, которое произошло до определённого времени в прошлом.
Пример
By 1992 she had become a popular singer. – К 1992 году она стала известной певицей.
I had finished my work by 6 o'clock yesterday. – Я закончила свою работу вчера к 6 часам вечера.
Past Perfect может использоваться с союзами
| Hardly | + Past Perfect ... | when | + Past Simple |
| Scarcely | |||
| Barely | |||
| Nearly |
Пример
Hardly had she done it when I arrived. – Едва она это сделала, как я приехал.
- No sooner + Past Perfect... than + Past Simple
Пример
No sooner she had came home than it started a downpour. – Как только она вернулась домой, начался ливень.
Образование Past Perfect
Поясняющая таблица к Past Perfect Tense
| Positive | Negative | Questions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I had finished/done | I had finished/done | Had I finished/done? | ||||
| He She It | had finished/done | He She It | had finished/done | Had | He She It | finished/done? |
| You We They | had finished/done | You We They | had finished/done | Had | You We They | finished/done? |
Времена Past Perfect и Present Perfect очень похожи на по значению, но разница есть:
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
|---|---|
| She's not at school. She have gone to home. | She wasn't at school. She had gone to home. |
| Её нет в школе. Она ушла домой. | Её не было в школе. Она ушла домой. |
Выполните практические упражнения
Put the verb into the correct form use the Past Perfect or the Past Simple.
Пример
Was Anna at home when I phoned? – No she had already gone.
Was Anna at home when I phoned? – Yes, but she went soon afterwards.
- An apartment was empty when she came. Everybody ________________ (go) to the work.
- There were voices heard from the my bedroom, so I _______________ (go) straight there.
- She can’t go to training. She _____________ (break) her arm yesterday.
Put the verb in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect.
Пример
When she (return) at ten o’clock I (arrive) – When she returned at ten o’clock I had arrived.
- After breakfast Alan proposed a game of chess. He (not/play) chess since his illness.
- She realized that she was going to weak more and more. She (eat) nothing since the morning.
- Hardly (be) there five minutes when Molly (come) in with the restaurant.
- Her husband (not/be) in. He (go) out a quarter of an hour before.
- The evening (go) off easier than I (believe).
- My friend (be) Pole, though he (live) in Croatia for forty years.
- Scarcely they (arrive) into the new flat when their neighbors (come).
- Her sight of the eyes (be) something he never (see) before.
- Father (come) into the kitchen a moment after I (get) there.
- She (promise) to ring me up when she (go) to home.
- Katerina
